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    First Class functions in Python

    April 7, 2023No Comments2 Mins Read
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    Python’s First-Class Functions Courses, Exercises, and Reading/Discussion Videos When it comes to first-class objects in a language, everything is consistent. They may be filed away in databases, sent as arguments, or utilized as programmatic controls. If a programming language recognizes functions as an equal to other things, we say that it supports first-class functions. First-class functions are a thing in Python. Characteristics of functions of the first class

    • A function is an instance of the Object type.
    • You can store the function in a variable.
    • You can pass the function as a parameter to another function.
    • You can return the function from a function.
    • You can store them in data structures such as hash tables, lists, …

    First-class function examples in Python 1. Objects have functions: In Python, functions have the same status as regular objects. Assigning a function to a variable is shown in the code below. The function is not invoked by this assignment. It duplicates the name pointed to by the function object scream,

    yell.

    Resulting


    # Python program to illustrate functions

    # can be treated as objects

    def


    shout(text):



    return


    text.upper()


    print


    (shout(


    'Hello'


    ))


    yell


    =


    shout


    print


    (yell(


    'Hello'


    ))

    :

    HELLO
    HELLO
    

    2. Arguments to functions may also be functions: As objects, functions may be used as input to other functions. Higher-order functions are those that may take in themselves as arguments of a different kind of function. Here’s an example of creating a function that accepts another function as an argument:

    argument.

    Product of type


    # Python program to illustrate functions

    # can be passed as arguments to other functions

    def


    shout(text):



    return


    text.upper()


    def


    whisper(text):



    return


    text.lower()


    def


    greet(func):



    # storing the function in a variable



    greeting


    =


    func(


    """Hi, I am created by a function



    passed as an argument."""


    )



    print


    (greeting)


    greet(shout)

    greet(whisper)

    Functions may return other functions (

    HI, I AM CREATED BY A FUNCTION PASSED AS AN ARGUMENT.
    hi, i am created by a function passed as an argument.
    

    ) 3. As functions are objects, we may pass them amongst one another. This is shown here, where create adder is called and adder is the result.

    function.

    Product Code:


    # Python program to illustrate functions

    # Functions can return another function


    def


    create_adder(x):



    def


    adder(y):



    return


    x


    +


    y




    return


    adder


    add_15


    =


    create_adder(


    15


    )


    print


    (add_15(


    10


    ))
    25
    
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